See aren in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "are"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "are"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:earon<ety:inh<gmw-pro:*wāʀun<ety:inh<gem-pro:*arun<ety:from<*izi>>>>>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Germanic *izi\nProto-Germanic *arun\nProto-West Germanic *wāʀun\nOld English earon\nMiddle English aren",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
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{
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*arun"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *arun",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Germanic *izi\nProto-Germanic *arun\nProto-West Germanic *wāʀun\nOld English earon\nMiddle English aren\nFrom Old English earon, earun, aron, alternative present plural of wesan (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *arun, an innovated third-person present plural of *beuną (“to be, become”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "are",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
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"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 34",
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"plural present indicative of been"
],
"id": "en-aren-enm-verb-cIvwEK~M",
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"been",
"been#Middle_English"
]
],
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"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/ˈaːrən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈarən/"
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
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"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
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{
"word": "oren"
}
],
"categories": [
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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],
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"alternative form of oren"
],
"id": "en-aren-enm-verb-pNOnxjJD",
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"oren",
"oren#Middle_English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ormulum) alternative form of oren"
],
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]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
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],
"descendants": [
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"word": "are"
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{
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"word": "are"
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"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Germanic *izi\nProto-Germanic *arun\nProto-West Germanic *wāʀun\nOld English earon\nMiddle English aren",
"name": "etymon"
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*arun"
},
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"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Germanic *izi\nProto-Germanic *arun\nProto-West Germanic *wāʀun\nOld English earon\nMiddle English aren\nFrom Old English earon, earun, aron, alternative present plural of wesan (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *arun, an innovated third-person present plural of *beuną (“to be, become”).",
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{
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "ere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
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{
"form": "eren",
"tags": [
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{
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],
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{
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}
],
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"plural present indicative of been"
],
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"been",
"been#Middle_English"
]
],
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],
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"ipa": "/ˈaːrən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈarən/"
}
],
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}
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"lang_code": "enm",
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{
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{
"word": "oren"
}
],
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],
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"alternative form of oren"
],
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"oren",
"oren#Middle_English"
]
],
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"(Ormulum) alternative form of oren"
],
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"Ormulum",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "aren"
}
Download raw JSONL data for aren meaning in Middle English (3.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (a0f6d7f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.